Dietary carbohydrates induce a higher SDA than lipids in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) based on environmental temperature

Philipp Segler; Klaus Heinrich Vanselow; Michael Schlachter; Mario Hasler; Frederik Kaiser; Carsten Schulz

doi:10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110861

Dietary carbohydrates induce a higher SDA than lipids in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) based on environmental temperature

Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2023 Aug-Sep:267:110861. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110861. Epub 2023 Apr 28.

Authors

Philipp Segler¹, Klaus Heinrich Vanselow², Michael Schlachter³, Mario Hasler⁴, Frederik Kaiser⁵, Carsten Schulz⁵

Affiliations

¹ Fraunhofer Research Institution for Individualized and Cell-Based Medical Engineering, Aquaculture und Aquatic Resources, Hafentörn 3, 25761 Büsum, Germany; Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Marine Aquaculture, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstraße 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany. Electronic address: segler@gma-buesum.de.
² Forschungs- und Technologiezentrum Westküste, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Hafentörn 1, 25761 Büsum, Germany.
³ Fraunhofer Research Institution for Individualized and Cell-Based Medical Engineering, Aquaculture und Aquatic Resources, Hafentörn 3, 25761 Büsum, Germany.
⁴ Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Marine Aquaculture, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstraße 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany.
⁵ Fraunhofer Research Institution for Individualized and Cell-Based Medical Engineering, Aquaculture und Aquatic Resources, Hafentörn 3, 25761 Büsum, Germany; Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Marine Aquaculture, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstraße 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany.

PMID: 37121392
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110861

Abstract

As global temperatures increase so do the needs to investigate how the energy metabolism of fish responds to a broad range of thermal condition. Limited resources make it additionally important to use them sustainably in the feeds for aquaculture. Here we investigated the use of three different carbohydrate to lipid ratios (1:1; 1: 0.6; 1.4: 1 as non-protein energy substrates (NPES) in diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under five different thermal regimes (12; 14; 16; 18; 20 °C) in a bioenergetic approach using a group respirometer. The results showed that the diet with carbohydrate as the main NPES resulted in a quadratic relationship of the specific dynamic action (SDA) values to temperature while diets with lipid as main NPES or a balanced ratio did not show such a response. SDA values in the diet with carbohydrate as the main NPES were significantly higher at temperatures around the optimum (15-17 °C) than the diets with lipid as the main NPES or with a balanced carbohydrate to lipid ratio. The retained energy (RE) was highly dependent on the standard metabolic rate (SMR) and SDA values did not carry over onto them. The protein utilization for energy combustion was significantly lower at 12 °C in the diet with carbohydrate as the main NPES than in the diet with lipid as the main NPES thus indicating that carbohydrates hold a relevant nutritional value especially at lower temperatures.

Keywords: Energy partitioning; Energy substrates; Respirometry; Specific dynamic action.

MeSH terms

Animals
Diet
Dietary Carbohydrates*
Lipids
Oncorhynchus mykiss* / metabolism
Temperature

Substances

Dietary Carbohydrates
Lipids