1 Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
2 Health Data Research UK London, London, UK.
3 Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
4 Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
5 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
6 MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
7 Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
8 Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
9 Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. elaine.holmes@murdoch.edu.au.
10 UK Dementia Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. elaine.holmes@murdoch.edu.au.
11 Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. elaine.holmes@murdoch.edu.au.
12 The Australian National Phenome Center, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. elaine.holmes@murdoch.edu.au.
13 Health Data Research UK London, London, UK. p.elliott@imperial.ac.uk.
14 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. p.elliott@imperial.ac.uk.
15 MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. p.elliott@imperial.ac.uk.
16 UK Dementia Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. p.elliott@imperial.ac.uk.
17 National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK. p.elliott@imperial.ac.uk.
18 British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence at Imperial, Imperial College London, London, UK. p.elliott@imperial.ac.uk.
19 Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. jeremy.nicholson@murdoch.edu.au.
20 The Australian National Phenome Center, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. jeremy.nicholson@murdoch.edu.au.