How I do it: surgery for spinal arteriovenous malformations

Abstract

Background: Spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are rare lesions. They may present with intramedullary hemorrhage or edema, often inducing severe neurological deficits. Active treatment of spinal AVMs is challenging even for experienced neurosurgeons.

Method: Anticipation of anatomy and AVM angiocharacteristics from preoperative imaging is key for successful treatment. Information gathered from MRI and DSA has to be then matched to intraoperative findings. This is a prerequisite for reasonably safe and structured lesion removal.

Conclusion: We provide a structured approach for surgical treatment of spinal AVMs, supplemented by high-resolution video and imaging material.

Keywords: AVM; Arteriovenous malformation; Exoscope; Multimodality; Spinal; Treatment.