The structure-glycemic index relationship of Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) starch

Jian Zou; Yongting Feng; Meijuan Xu; Peiyu Yang; Xiaodong Zhao; Bao Yang

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136228

The structure-glycemic index relationship of Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) starch

Food Chem. 2023 Sep 30:421:136228. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136228. Epub 2023 Apr 23.

Authors

Jian Zou¹, Yongting Feng², Meijuan Xu³, Peiyu Yang², Xiaodong Zhao², Bao Yang⁴

Affiliations

¹ College of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450000, China; School of Biological Engineering and Food, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430000, China. Electronic address: zoujianzz@126.com.
² School of Biological Engineering and Food, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
³ College of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
⁴ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China. Electronic address: yangbao@scbg.ac.cn.

PMID: 37105123
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136228

Abstract

Yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) is an important functional food in Asia. Yam starch usually has a low glycemic index. What is the structure requirement of starch to obtain a low glycemic index remains unknown. In order to understand the structure-glycemic index relationship, six yam starches from various regions with apparent structure difference were analyzed. Chinese yam starch (CYS) showed the lowest glycemic index. It presented as oval or round granules. Meanwhile, CYS showed a distinct A-type crystal structure while the others presented C-type crystal structure. The largest crystallinity, R_w, M_w/M_n, RS level, RS + SDS level, and the lowest peak viscosity, trough viscosity and C_∞ values were found for CYS. These data explained the lowest glycemic index of CYS. The above results suggested that CYS was a good neutraceutical candidate and could be used in the diet of diabetes population.

Keywords: Chinese yam starch; Functional food; Molecular weight; Resistant starch; SEM.

MeSH terms

Asia
Diet
Dioscorea* / chemistry
Glycemic Index
Starch* / chemistry

Substances

Starch