Exosome derived from human adipose-derived stem cell improve wound healing quality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical animal studies

Abstract

Excellent capability of exosome derived from human adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) manifested in improving the quality of wound healing with SMD (STD Mean Difference). However, it is still in the preclinical stage and its efficacy remains uncertain. Emphasised the need for a systematic review of preclinical studies to the validity of it in ameliorate wound healing quality which accelerate the clinical application translation. We performed a systematic literature review to identify all published controlled and intervention studies comparing exosome derived from human ADSC with placebo in animal models of wound closure during wound healing. PubMed, Embase and Cochrane were employed. Risk of bias assessed by the SYRCLE tool aimed at preclinical animal studies. Administration of exosome derived from human ADSC extremely improved wound closure compared with controls, which is primary outcome (SMD 1.423, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.137-1.709 P < .001), the same effect as ADSC. The therapeutic effect is further enhanced by modified ADSC-EV. Other outcomes: density and the number of blood vessels: (SMD 1.593 95% CI 1.007-2.179 P < .001)；Fibrosis-related protein expression was highly expressed in the early term of wound healing, decreased in shaping period, which automatically regulates wound collagen deposition. Scar size, number of fibroblast and epithelial cell migration and proliferation expressed were ranked as follows: modified adipose stem cell exosomes > adipose stem cell exosomes > controls. Exosome derived from human ADSC, especially after enrichment for specific non-coding RNA, is a promising approach to improve healing efficiency.

Keywords: adipose-derived stem cell; exosome; fibrosis; wound; wound healing.