A highly sensitive colorimetric approach based on tris (bipyridine) Ruthenium (II/III) mediator for the enzymatic detection of phenylalanine

Front Chem. 2023 Apr 10:11:1164014. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1164014. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

The accurate monitoring of phenylalanine concentration plays a prominent role in the treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU). In this study, we present an enzymatic assay based on Phenylalanine Dehydrogenase/NAD+ and tris (bipyridine) Ruthenium (II/III) as a colorimetric mediator for the detection of Phenylalanine concentration. The amount of amino acid was quantitatively recognized by optical absorption measurements at 452 nm through the conversion of Ru (byp)3 3+ to Ru (byp)3 2+, which is induced by the neoformed NADH. A detection limit of 0.33 µM, a limit of quantification of 1.01 µM, and a sensitivity of 36.6 a.u nM-1 were obtained. The proposed method was successfully tested using biological specimens from patients affected by hyperphenylalaninemia. The proposed enzymatic assay showed a high selectivity, making it a promising alternative for the development of versatile assays for the detection of phenylalanine in diluted serums.

Keywords: colorimetric-assay; enzymatic-sensing; phenylalanine; phenylketonuria; tris (bipyridine) Ruthenium (II/III).

Grants and funding

This research was supported by “PKU Smart Sensor” project and funded under Action 1.1.5 POR FESR 2014-2020, CUP G89J18000710007.