Mechanisms underlying food-related symptoms in disorders of gut-brain interaction: Course ahead in research and clinical practice

Esther Colomier; Joost P Algera; Karen Van den Houte; Magnus Simrén; Jan Tack

doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2023.101824

Mechanisms underlying food-related symptoms in disorders of gut-brain interaction: Course ahead in research and clinical practice

Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2023 Feb-Mar:62-63:101824. doi: 10.1016/j.bpg.2023.101824. Epub 2023 Feb 6.

Authors

Esther Colomier¹, Joost P Algera², Karen Van den Houte³, Magnus Simrén⁴, Jan Tack⁵

Affiliations

¹ Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
² Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
³ Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
⁴ Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Center for Functional GI and Motility Disorders, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
⁵ Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. Electronic address: jan.tack@kuleuven.be.

PMID: 37094907
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2023.101824

Abstract

A subgroup of patients with a disorder of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) report symptoms such as abdominal pain, gas-related symptoms, dyspeptic symptoms and loose stool or urgency after meal intake. Therefore, the effect of several dietary therapies including fibre-rich or restrictive diets have already been studied in patients with irritable bowel syndrome, functional abdominal bloating or distention, and functional dyspepsia. However, there is a paucity of studies in the literature on the mechanisms underlying food-related symptoms. Therefore, this review focuses on these potential mechanisms and explains the role of nutrient sensing and tasting, physical considerations, malabsorption or allergy-like reaction to food and its interaction with microbiota. In addition, it emphasizes the importance of future research and clinical practice regarding food-related symptoms in patients with a DGBI.

Keywords: Diet therapy; Food; Gastrointestinal diseases; Irritable bowel syndrome.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Brain
Diarrhea
Dyspepsia*
Gastrointestinal Diseases*
Humans
Irritable Bowel Syndrome*