The roles of growth factors and hormones in the regulation of muscle satellite cells for cultured meat production

Syed Sayeed Ahmad; Hee Jin Chun; Khurshid Ahmad; Sibhghatulla Shaikh; Jeong Ho Lim; Shahid Ali; Sung Soo Han; Sun Jin Hur; Jung Hoon Sohn; Eun Ju Lee; Inho Choi

doi:10.5187/jast.2022.e114

The roles of growth factors and hormones in the regulation of muscle satellite cells for cultured meat production

J Anim Sci Technol. 2023 Jan;65(1):16-31. doi: 10.5187/jast.2022.e114. Epub 2023 Jan 31.

Authors

Syed Sayeed Ahmad^{1

2}, Hee Jin Chun¹, Khurshid Ahmad^{1

2}, Sibhghatulla Shaikh^{1

2}, Jeong Ho Lim^{1

2}, Shahid Ali^{1

2}, Sung Soo Han^{2

3}, Sun Jin Hur⁴, Jung Hoon Sohn⁵, Eun Ju Lee^{1

2}, Inho Choi^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
² Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
³ School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
⁴ Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea.
⁵ Synthetic Biology and Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea.

Abstract

Cultured meat is a potential sustainable food generated by the in vitro myogenesis of muscle satellite (stem) cells (MSCs). The self-renewal and differentiation properties of MSCs are of primary interest for cultured meat production. MSC proliferation and differentiation are influenced by a variety of growth factors such as insulin-like growth factors (IGF-1 and IGF-2), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), fibroblast growth factors (FGF-2 and FGF-21), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and by hormones like insulin, testosterone, glucocorticoids, and thyroid hormones. In this review, we investigated the roles of growth factors and hormones during cultured meat production because these factors provide signals for MSC growth and structural stability. The aim of this article is to provide the important idea about different growth factors such as FGF (enhance the cell proliferation and differentiation), IGF-1 (increase the number of myoblasts), PDGF (myoblast proliferation), TGF-β1 (muscle repair) and hormones such as insulin (cell survival and growth), testosterone (muscle fiber size), dexamethasone (myoblast proliferation and differentiation), and thyroid hormones (amount and diameter of muscle fibers and determine the usual pattern of fiber distributions) as media components during myogenesis for cultured meat production.

Keywords: Cultured meat; Growth factors; Hormones; Muscle satellite cells; Myogenesis.

Publication types

Review