The rapid urbanization process has led to the increasingly prominent problems of ecological environment protection and optimization. The construction of ecological network system, planning to guide ecological values, and efficiently utilizing landscape effects are of great significance for regional regulation of ecological space and promotion of local sustainable development. Taking Zhengzhou metropolitan area as an example, based on land use data at eight time points from 1980 to 2020, using ArcGIS, Guidos Toolbox, Conefor and other tools, we outlined the ecological network with a high structural integrity in the study area. We used future land use simulation to predict future land pattern, morphological spatial pattern analysis to identify landscape elements, minimum cumulative resistance to construct comprehensive resistance surface, gravity model to calculate ecological gravity, hydrologic analysis to create resistance paths, and network structure evaluation, etc. The results showed that, among the nine source sites in the study area, the ecological sources in the Yellow River Basin connected the large-scale centralized source areas in the east and west of the network. The rest sources were located in the northeast, southeast, and southwest of the study area, which were distributed in a semi-circumferential manner around the main urban area of Zhengzhou. There were a total of 163 minimum cost paths and 58 ecological corridors, of which 10, 19 and 29 were primary, secondary and tertiary corridors, respectively, in the form of "three horizontals and three verticals" and "point-axis" along the Yellow River Basin distribution was dominant. A total of 70 ecological nodes were recored in the study area, which were divided into strategic points (10), natural ecological points (27) and artificial environment points (33). Those ecological nodes were distributed in key nodes such as the core of each source area and the intersection of corridors location. The ecological network included all the landscape elements in the study area and connected the main ecological substrates in a horizontal "C" shape. The overall performance was a semi-enclosed network structure of "one horizontal, two verticals and four groups".
快速城市化进程致使生态环境的保护和优化问题日益突出,构建生态网络体系、规划引导生态价值和高效利用景观效应,对区域调节生态空间、促进当地可持续发展具有重要意义。以郑州大都市区为例,基于1980—2020年8个时间节点土地利用数据,运用ArcGIS、Guidos Toolbox和Conefor等工具,通过未来土地利用变化情景模拟预测未来土地格局、形态学空间格局分析识别景观要素、最小累积阻力构建综合阻力面、引力模型计算生态引力、水文分析创建阻力路径和网络结构评价等,判别研究区生态源地、生态廊道和生态节点,构建具有较高结构完整度的生态网络。结果表明: 在研究区的9个源地中,黄河流域生态源地连接网络东西部大型集中源地,其余源地坐落于研究区东北、东南及西南部,整体半环绕郑州主城区分布;最小成本路径共163条,生态廊道共58条,其中,一、二、三级廊道分别为10、19和29条,以沿黄河流域、“三横三纵”和“点-轴”形式分布为主;研究区内共判定生态节点70个,并划分为战略点、自然生态点及人工环境点,分别为10、27和33个,其分布于各个源地核心和廊道交叉等关键性节点位置。生态网络包含研究区所有景观要素,并以横“C”字型连接主要生态基质,总体表现为“一横两纵四组团”的半包围网络结构。.
Keywords: ecological corridor; ecological network; ecological node; ecological source.