Simultaneous determination and dietary intake risk assessment of 60 herbicide residues in aquatic products

Xinru Yu; Feng Xu; Rongrong Zhang; Hua Liu; Aili Sun; Liuquan Zhang; Zeming Zhang; Xizhi Shi

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163633

Simultaneous determination and dietary intake risk assessment of 60 herbicide residues in aquatic products

Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jul 20:883:163633. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163633. Epub 2023 Apr 21.

Authors

Xinru Yu¹, Feng Xu², Rongrong Zhang², Hua Liu², Aili Sun³, Liuquan Zhang³, Zeming Zhang⁴, Xizhi Shi⁵

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
² State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
³ School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 31211, China.
⁴ State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 31211, China.
⁵ State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China. Electronic address: sxz0508@126.com.

PMID: 37087016
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163633

Abstract

A sensitive and rugged analytical method was first established to simultaneously determine 60 herbicides in aquatic products with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (GC-MS/MS). After extraction with acetonitrile (MeCN), NaCl and anhydrous Na₂SO₄ were added, concentrated supernatants were directly passed through the Carb/NH₂ solid phase extraction column. Then, the cartridge was rinsed with elution solution (MeCN/toluene, 3:1, v/v), followed by GC-MS/MS analysis with multiple reaction monitoring. An excellent linearity (1.0-100.0 μg/L) with R² value of ≥0.9991 was obtained, and the limits of quantification were 0.018-3.852 μg/kg. Satisfactory recoveries (70.8 %-117.6 %) with RSDs below 11.0 % of herbicide residues were obtained at spiked levels of 0.010-0.050 mg/kg. Furthermore, herbicide residues in actual aquatic products were analyzed, and the acute/chronic risk assessment of dietary exposure was carried out. The wide use of herbicides for controlling weed and removing moss and harmful algae may obviously increase the risk of contamination of the aquaculture environment and fishery products. Therefore, considerable attention and more research are necessary to monitor residue levels for herbicides in aquatic products and ensure the quality of marine products and consumer safety.

Keywords: Aquatic products; Dietary exposure risk assessment; GC–MS/MS; Herbicides; Multi-residue.

MeSH terms

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Eating
Food Contamination / analysis
Herbicides* / analysis
Pesticide Residues* / analysis
Solid Phase Extraction
Tandem Mass Spectrometry / methods

Substances

Herbicides
Pesticide Residues