Exacerbations of Idiopathic Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome following BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech)

Yutaro Akiyama; Takeshi Inagaki; Shinichiro Morioka; Eiji Kusano; Norio Ohmagari

doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.1682-23

Exacerbations of Idiopathic Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome following BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech)

Intern Med. 2023 Jul 1;62(13):2013-2017. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1682-23. Epub 2023 Apr 21.

Authors

Yutaro Akiyama¹, Takeshi Inagaki², Shinichiro Morioka¹, Eiji Kusano³, Norio Ohmagari¹

Affiliations

¹ Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan.
² Department of General Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan.
³ Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Kidney Disease, Edogawa Hospital, Japan.

Abstract

A Japanese man experienced three episodes of hypovolemic shock and was diagnosed with systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS). He developed SCLS exacerbation 2 days after receiving a second dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, 1 year after the third episode. After fluid therapy and albumin administration, we initiated terbutaline and theophylline prophylaxis for SCLS. A literature review revealed that SCLS attacks often occur 1-2 days after the second COVID-19 vaccination. Patients with a history of SCLS should avoid COVID-19 vaccination and be carefully monitored for 1-2 days if they receive the vaccine.

Keywords: COVID-19; idiopathic systemic capillary leak syndrome; mRNA vaccine.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

BNT162 Vaccine
COVID-19 Vaccines* / adverse effects
COVID-19* / prevention & control
Capillary Leak Syndrome* / diagnosis
Capillary Leak Syndrome* / drug therapy
Capillary Leak Syndrome* / etiology
Humans
Male
Terbutaline

Substances

BNT162 Vaccine
COVID-19 Vaccines
Terbutaline