From human writing to artificial intelligence generated text: examining the prospects and potential threats of ChatGPT in academic writing

Ismail Dergaa; Karim Chamari; Piotr Zmijewski; Helmi Ben Saad

doi:10.5114/biolsport.2023.125623

From human writing to artificial intelligence generated text: examining the prospects and potential threats of ChatGPT in academic writing

Biol Sport. 2023 Apr;40(2):615-622. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2023.125623. Epub 2023 Mar 15.

Authors

Ismail Dergaa^{1

2

3}, Karim Chamari⁴, Piotr Zmijewski⁵, Helmi Ben Saad^{6

7

8}

Affiliations

¹ Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC), Doha, Qatar.
² Research Unit Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia.
³ High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
⁴ Aspetar, Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Doha, Qatar.
⁵ Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
⁶ University of Sousse, Farhat HACHED hospital, Service of Physiology and Functional Explorations, Sousse, Tunisia.
⁷ University of Sousse, Farhat HACHED hospital, Research Laboratory LR12SP09 «Heart Failure», Sousse, Tunisia.
⁸ University of Sousse, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Laboratory of Physiology, Sousse, Tunisia.

Abstract

Natural language processing (NLP) has been studied in computing for decades. Recent technological advancements have led to the development of sophisticated artificial intelligence (AI) models, such as Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT). These models can perform a range of language tasks and generate human-like responses, which offers exciting prospects for academic efficiency. This manuscript aims at (i) exploring the potential benefits and threats of ChatGPT and other NLP technologies in academic writing and research publications; (ii) highlights the ethical considerations involved in using these tools, and (iii) consider the impact they may have on the authenticity and credibility of academic work. This study involved a literature review of relevant scholarly articles published in peer-reviewed journals indexed in Scopus as quartile 1. The search used keywords such as "ChatGPT," "AI-generated text," "academic writing," and "natural language processing." The analysis was carried out using a quasi-qualitative approach, which involved reading and critically evaluating the sources and identifying relevant data to support the research questions. The study found that ChatGPT and other NLP technologies have the potential to enhance academic writing and research efficiency. However, their use also raises concerns about the impact on the authenticity and credibility of academic work. The study highlights the need for comprehensive discussions on the potential use, threats, and limitations of these tools, emphasizing the importance of ethical and academic principles, with human intelligence and critical thinking at the forefront of the research process. This study highlights the need for comprehensive debates and ethical considerations involved in their use. The study also recommends that academics exercise caution when using these tools and ensure transparency in their use, emphasizing the importance of human intelligence and critical thinking in academic work.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Chatbot; Deep Learning; Google Bard; Higher Education; LLM; LLaMA; Machine Learning; NLM; NLP; Natural Language Processing; Paperpal; Peer Review; QuillBot; Rayyan; Research; Sports Medicine.