Acute Stanford Type A Aortic Dissection: A Review of Risk Factors and Outcomes

Michael Chukwu; Paghunda Ehsan; Rawia N Aburumman; Shivani Ishwarya Muthanna; Swathi Radhakrishnan Menon; Vruti Vithani; Bansi Sutariya; Diana M Montenegro; Lubna Mohammed

doi:10.7759/cureus.36301

Acute Stanford Type A Aortic Dissection: A Review of Risk Factors and Outcomes

Cureus. 2023 Mar 17;15(3):e36301. doi: 10.7759/cureus.36301. eCollection 2023 Mar.

Authors

Michael Chukwu^{1

2}, Paghunda Ehsan^{3

4

5}, Rawia N Aburumman^{3

6}, Shivani Ishwarya Muthanna^{7

8}, Swathi Radhakrishnan Menon⁹, Vruti Vithani^{10

11}, Bansi Sutariya^{10

11}, Diana M Montenegro¹, Lubna Mohammed¹⁰

Affiliations

¹ General Surgery, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
² General Surgery, Pilgrim Hospital, Boston, GBR.
³ Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
⁴ Internal Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, PAK.
⁵ Internal Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, PAK.
⁶ Internal Medicine, Mu'tah University, Amman, JOR.
⁷ Research and Development, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
⁸ Internal Medicine, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, IND.
⁹ Pediatrics, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
¹⁰ Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
¹¹ General Medicine, Government Medical College, Surat, IND.

Abstract

Acute aortic dissection (AAD) can be said to be a relatively uncommon emergency with fatal outcomes mainly due to delayed/missed diagnosis and treatment. Its ability to masquerade as other emergencies like acute coronary syndrome and pulmonary embolism makes the prognosis unfavorable in a significant proportion of patients. Patients have been seen to present to the accident and emergency department or outpatient setting with typical or atypical symptoms as we will discuss in this article. We have focused on indicators for risk and prognosis of acute Stanford type A aortic dissection in this traditional review. It is well known that despite recent developments and improvements in treatment modalities, AAD is still associated with a significant mortality rate and postoperative complications.

Keywords: acute type a dissection; aorta repair; complications of aortic dissection; outcomes; risk factors; stanford type a acute aortic dissection.

Publication types

Review