Retention force, translucency, and microstructural properties of translucent temporary luting cements: An in vitro study

Goeran Gross; Leonie Schmohl; Florian Fuchs; Elena Guenther; Michaela Schulz-Siegmund; Jann Schoengart; Sebastian Hahnel; Andreas Koenig

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105781

Retention force, translucency, and microstructural properties of translucent temporary luting cements: An in vitro study

J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2023 Jun:142:105781. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105781. Epub 2023 Mar 23.

Authors

Goeran Gross¹, Leonie Schmohl¹, Florian Fuchs¹, Elena Guenther¹, Michaela Schulz-Siegmund², Jann Schoengart³, Sebastian Hahnel⁴, Andreas Koenig⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Dental Prosthetics and Materials Science, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
² Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, 04317, Leipzig, Germany.
³ Institute of Mineralogy, Crystallography and Materials Science, Leipzig University, 04275, Leipzig, Germany.
⁴ Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
⁵ Department of Dental Prosthetics and Materials Science, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. Electronic address: Akoenig@uni-leipzig.de.

PMID: 37062100
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105781

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate the retention behaviour (pull-off force include adhesive remnant index = ARI) as well as translucency of various temporary luting cements and use microstructure elucidation methods to formulate explanatory approaches to their mode of action. The retention force of the temporary luting cements Provicol QM Plus (P+), Provicol QM Aesthetic (Pae), Bifix Temp (BiT), and as a reference a glass ionomer cement Meron (M) with a direct (Structur 3/S3) or an indirect (Structure CAD/SCAD) resin-based composite restauration was investigated after accelerated aging (thermocycling). Additional investigation of the physical properties was performed regarding to translucency and surface free energy. The microstructure was evaluated by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and micro X-ray computed tomography. All tested temporary luting cements showed different pull-off forces in the range between 3.0 and 16.8 N in combination with S3 or SCAD after thermocycling. Only BiT with S3 showed pull-off forces of 129.2 N and complete retention on the restoration (ARI = 0), which was significant (p < .001) to all other samples. High translucency (BiT > Pae > M > P+) was observed for materials with lower crystalline content and low residual mass (usally resulting from higher organic content). M showed the highest surface free energy with a predominantly polar fraction, while BiT had a predominantly dispersive fraction. The highest porosity was observed in the coronal region of the restoration. The results suggest that translucency of temporary luting cements can be increased with higher organic and lower cryristall content. All combinations of cements and temporary restorations (direct/indirect; with the exception of BiT/S3) showed pull-off forces below 17 N (equivalent to a weight force of ∼1.7 kg), which allows manual detachment of the restoration by the dentist.

Keywords: Dental cements; Luting agents; Provisional luting materials; Pull-out force; Resin-based composite; Zinc oxide cement.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Dental Cements
Glass Ionomer Cements* / chemistry
Materials Testing
Resin Cements* / chemistry
Surface Properties
Temperature

Substances

Resin Cements
Glass Ionomer Cements
Dental Cements