Direct imaging and astrometric detection of a gas giant planet orbiting an accelerating star

Thayne Currie; G Mirek Brandt; Timothy D Brandt; Brianna Lacy; Adam Burrows; Olivier Guyon; Motohide Tamura; Ranger Y Liu; Sabina Sagynbayeva; Taylor Tobin; Jeffrey Chilcote; Tyler Groff; Christian Marois; William Thompson; Simon J Murphy; Masayuki Kuzuhara; Kellen Lawson; Julien Lozi; Vincent Deo; Sebastien Vievard; Nour Skaf; Taichi Uyama; Nemanja Jovanovic; Frantz Martinache; N Jeremy Kasdin; Tomoyuki Kudo; Michael McElwain; Markus Janson; John Wisniewski; Klaus Hodapp; Jun Nishikawa; Krzysztof Hełminiak; Jungmi Kwon; Masahiko Hayashi

doi:10.1126/science.abo6192

Direct imaging and astrometric detection of a gas giant planet orbiting an accelerating star

Science. 2023 Apr 14;380(6641):198-203. doi: 10.1126/science.abo6192. Epub 2023 Apr 13.

Authors

Thayne Currie^{1

2

3}, G Mirek Brandt⁴, Timothy D Brandt⁴, Brianna Lacy^{5

6}, Adam Burrows⁵, Olivier Guyon^{1

7

8}, Motohide Tamura^{7

9

10}, Ranger Y Liu¹¹, Sabina Sagynbayeva¹², Taylor Tobin¹³, Jeffrey Chilcote¹³, Tyler Groff¹⁴, Christian Marois^{15

16}, William Thompson¹⁶, Simon J Murphy^{17

18}, Masayuki Kuzuhara^{7

9}, Kellen Lawson¹⁴, Julien Lozi¹, Vincent Deo¹, Sebastien Vievard¹, Nour Skaf¹, Taichi Uyama^{9

19}, Nemanja Jovanovic²⁰, Frantz Martinache²¹, N Jeremy Kasdin²², Tomoyuki Kudo¹, Michael McElwain¹⁴, Markus Janson²³, John Wisniewski²⁴, Klaus Hodapp²⁵, Jun Nishikawa^{9

10}, Krzysztof Hełminiak²⁶, Jungmi Kwon¹⁰, Masahiko Hayashi⁹

Affiliations

¹ Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Hilo, HI 96720, USA.
² University of Texas-San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78006, USA.
³ Eureka Scientific, Oakland, CA 94602, USA.
⁴ Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
⁵ Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
⁶ Department of Astronomy, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
⁷ Astrobiology Center, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan.
⁸ Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
⁹ National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan.
¹⁰ Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
¹¹ Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
¹² Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York-Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11790, USA.
¹³ Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
¹⁴ NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.
¹⁵ National Research Council-Herzberg, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada.
¹⁶ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.
¹⁷ Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
¹⁸ Centre for Astrophysics, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia.
¹⁹ Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
²⁰ Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
²¹ Universite Cote d'Azur, Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice 06000, France.
²² Department of Mechanical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
²³ Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, Stockholm 114 19, Sweden.
²⁴ Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA.
²⁵ Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai'i, Hilo, HI 96720, USA.
²⁶ Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Torun 87-100, Poland.

PMID: 37053312
DOI: 10.1126/science.abo6192

Abstract

Direct imaging of gas giant exoplanets provides information on their atmospheres and the architectures of planetary systems. However, few planets have been detected in blind surveys with direct imaging. Using astrometry from the Gaia and Hipparcos spacecraft, we identified dynamical evidence for a gas giant planet around the nearby star HIP 99770. We confirmed the detection of this planet with direct imaging using the Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics instrument. The planet, HIP 99770 b, orbits 17 astronomical units from its host star, receiving an amount of light similar to that reaching Jupiter. Its dynamical mass is 13.9 to 16.1 Jupiter masses. The planet-to-star mass ratio [(7 to 8) × 10^-3] is similar to that of other directly imaged planets. The planet's atmospheric spectrum indicates an older, less cloudy analog of the previously imaged exoplanets around HR 8799.