Atomic gravimeter has been more frequently applied under complex and dynamic environments, but its measurement accuracy is seriously hampered by vibration-induced noise. In this case, vibration compensation provides a way to enhance the accuracy of gravity measurements by correcting the phase noise that resulted from the vibration of a Raman reflector, and improving the fitting of an interference fringe. An accurate estimation of the transfer function of vibration between the Raman reflector and the sensor plays a significant role in optimizing the effect of vibration compensation. For this reason, a vibration compensation approach was explored based on EO (equilibrium optimizer) for estimating the transfer function simplified model of a Raman reflector, and it was used to correct the interference fringe of an atomic gravimeter. The test results revealed that this approach greatly restored the actual vibration of the Raman reflector in a complex vibration environment. With a vibration compensation algorithm, it achieved the correction and fitting of the original interference fringe. In general, it dramatically reduced the RMSE (root mean square error) at the time of fitting and significantly improved the residual error in the gravity measurement. Compared with other conventional algorithms, such as GA (genetic algorithm) and PSO (particle swarm optimization), this approach realized a faster convergence and better optimization, so as to ensure more accurate gravity measurements. The study of this vibration compensation approach could provide a reference for the application of an atomic gravimeter in a wider and more complex environment.
Keywords: atomic gravimeter; equilibrium optimizer algorithm; transfer function; vibration compensation.