How the Presence of a Doctor Known to Patients Impacts a Web-Based Intervention to Promote Physical Activity and Healthy Eating Behaviour in Individuals with an Overweight/Obesity-Hypertension Phenotype: A Randomised Clinical Trial

Nutrients. 2023 Mar 27;15(7):1624. doi: 10.3390/nu15071624.

Abstract

(1) Background: The 'Living Better' web-based programme has shown short- and long-term benefits for body composition and psychological variables in obese patients with hypertension by promoting a healthier lifestyle. To further explore the potential of this programme, in this work we aimed to explore the possible effect of the patient's 'own doctor' appearing in the video content of the Living Better intervention. (2) Methods: A total of 132 patients were randomly assigned either to the experimental (EG, n = 70) or control (CG, n = 62) group (with a doctor the patient knew as 'their own' or an 'unknown doctor', respectively). The body mass index (BMI), motivation towards physical activity (PA), PA levels, motivation to change one's eating habits, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and eating behaviour were all assessed and compared at baseline and post-intervention (12 weeks). (3) Results: The results of this study confirmed the positive effects of the Living Better programme on BMI and external eating style, with significant improvements in these variables in both groups. In addition, in the EG there was higher intrinsic motivation to change eating behaviour (mean difference of 0.9, 95% CI [0.1, 1.6], p = 0.032) and lower amotivation (mean difference of -0.6, 95% CI [-1.2, -0.1], p = 0.027) compared to the CG. (4) Conclusions: This study suggests that the presence of the patients' own doctor in the audiovisual content of the Living Better intervention did not have significant additional benefits in terms of BMI or external eating style. However, their presence did improve intrinsic motivation and amotivation related to eating habits.

Keywords: Mediterranean diet; e-health; eating behaviour; hypertension; motivation; obesity; overweight; physical activity.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Exercise
  • Feeding Behavior
  • Humans
  • Hypertension*
  • Internet-Based Intervention*
  • Obesity
  • Overweight / psychology

Grants and funding

This work was supported by grants from the Generalitat Valenciana (Subvenciones para grupos de investigación consolidables-AICO/2019/331) and the University CEU-Cardenal Herrera (Convocatoria de Consolidación de Indicadores CEU-UCH 2022-2023/INDI22/30), and also by CIBER-Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CB06/03/0052, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and Unión Europea—European Regional Development Fund.