Investigation of Dielectric, Ferroelectric, and Strain Responses of (1 - x)[0.90(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 - 0.10SrTiO3] - x CuO Ceramics

Amir Ullah; Amir Sohail Khan; Mahidur R Sarker; Muhammad Javid Iqbal; Hidayat Ullah Khan; Vineet Tirth; Ali Algahtani; Abid Zaman

doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c00128

Investigation of Dielectric, Ferroelectric, and Strain Responses of (1 - x)[0.90(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃ - 0.10SrTiO₃] - x CuO Ceramics

ACS Omega. 2023 Mar 21;8(13):12372-12378. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00128. eCollection 2023 Apr 4.

Authors

Amir Ullah¹, Amir Sohail Khan², Mahidur R Sarker^{3

4}, Muhammad Javid Iqbal⁵, Hidayat Ullah Khan⁵, Vineet Tirth^{6

7}, Ali Algahtani^{6

7}, Abid Zaman⁸

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physics, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, KP, Pakistan.
² Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea.
³ Institute of IR 4.0, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia.
⁴ Industrial Engineering and Automotive, Nebrija University, Campus Princesa, C. de Sta. Cruz de Marcenado, 27, 28015 Madrid, Spain.
⁵ Department of Physics, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, KP, Pakistan.
⁶ Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Asir, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Guraiger, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Asir, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Department of Physics, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.

Abstract

The low-temperature sintering of (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃-based ceramics can be achieved by sintering aid CuO. Piezoelectric ceramics (1 - x)[0.90(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃ - 0.10SrTiO₃] - xCuO (BNT-ST-Cu) with x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, and 0.04 were prepared through the mixed oxide route. A tetragonal structure was indexed for the undoped sample. Its structure was found to be changed to a pseudocubic when Cu was added. For undoped Cu samples, the sintering temperature (T _s) for sufficient densification was 1160 °C. However, T _s was reduced to 1090-1120 °C for Cu-added specimens. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) showed a uniform and dense grain morphology for all samples. The maximum dielectric constant temperature (T _m) was decreased with the doping concentration of Cu and applied frequency. The strain was increased with Cu concentration and had the maximum value of 500 pm/V for the sample x = 0.02 with symmetric and slim strain loops.