Ginsenoside Rd attenuated hyperglycemia via Akt pathway and modulated gut microbiota in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Wei Wang; Fengtao Guan; Gianni Sagratini; Jie Yan; Jiahan Xie; Zhibo Jin; Meihong Liu; Huimin Liu; Jingsheng Liu

doi:10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100491

Ginsenoside Rd attenuated hyperglycemia via Akt pathway and modulated gut microbiota in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Curr Res Food Sci. 2023 Mar 21:6:100491. doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100491. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Wei Wang¹, Fengtao Guan^{2

3}, Gianni Sagratini⁴, Jie Yan², Jiahan Xie^{1

3}, Zhibo Jin^{1

3}, Meihong Liu^{1

3}, Huimin Liu^{1

3}, Jingsheng Liu^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
² College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
³ National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Further Processing, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
⁴ School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, 62032, Italy.

Abstract

Ginsenoside Rd is a protopanaxadiol abundant in Panax ginseng and Panax notoginseng. It has been reported that ginsenoside Rd possesses various health benefits, such as anti-diabetic, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory. This work explored the effects of ginsenoside Rd on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Results showed that 5-week ginsenoside Rd (20 mg/kg) treatment significantly improved hyperglycemia in diabetic rats. Besides, ginsenoside Rd promoted glycogen synthesis via activating Akt pathway. It also inhibited hepatic gluconeogenesis, which was associated with inhibiting phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose-6-phosphatase. We further found that ginsenoside Rd treatment increased the diversity of gut microbiota, increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as SMB53, rc4-4 and Ruminococcus, and reduced the abundance of conditional pathogenic bacteria. These results indicated that ginsenoside Rd has the potential for diabetic intervention.

Keywords: Akt pathway; Anti-diabetic; Ginsenoside Rd; Gut microbiota.