Facile preparation and dielectric properties of BaTiO3 with different particle sizes and morphologies

Xinxiao Wu; Hepan Zhao; Weining Han; Zhimiao Wang; Fang Li; Jing Li; Wei Xue

doi:10.1039/d2ra08334e

Facile preparation and dielectric properties of BaTiO₃ with different particle sizes and morphologies

RSC Adv. 2023 Apr 6;13(16):11002-11009. doi: 10.1039/d2ra08334e. eCollection 2023 Apr 3.

Authors

Xinxiao Wu¹, Hepan Zhao¹, Weining Han¹, Zhimiao Wang¹, Fang Li^{1

2}, Jing Li³, Wei Xue^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology, High Efficient Energy Saving, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 China weixue@hebut.edu,cn.
² Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety Tianjin 300130 China.
³ School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300401 China.

Abstract

BaTiO₃ nanoparticles were prepared by the hydrothermal method, and the effect of 1-(propyl-3-methoxysilyl)-3-methylimidazole chloride on the size of BaTiO₃ particles was investigated. The obtained BaTiO₃ was characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, and Raman spectroscopy; and the dielectric properties of BaTiO₃ ceramic sheets were tested. The results indicate that the spherical BaTiO₃-N prepared without an ionic liquid was in a tetragonal phase with an average particle size of 129 nm. When an ionic liquid was added, the size of the BaTiO₃-IL decreased and the degree of agglomeration increased. In addition, with increasing quantity of ionic liquid, the tetragonal-phase content of BaTiO₃-IL gradually decreased until complete transformation into cubic phase. The dielectric constant of the BaTiO₃-N ceramics was the highest, and the dielectric constant decreased with decreasing BaTiO₃ particle size. Moreover, two types of BaTiO₃ nanoparticles (bowl- and sea urchin-shaped) were prepared by changing the hydrothermal conditions and additives. The average particle size of the former was 92 nm, the tetragonal-phase content was ca. 90%, and the dielectric constant was large; whereas the sea urchin-shaped BaTiO₃ consisted of small particles in the cubic phase, and the dielectric constant was small.