Internalization of athletic body ideal as a mediating variable between family influence and body image of young women. A cross-cultural study of polish, Italian, and Ukrainian women

Bernadetta Izydorczyk; Kaja Głomb; Barbara Bętkowska-Korpała; Tetiana Yablonska; Nataliya Bulatevych; Renata Opałka; Sebastian Lizińczyk; Katarzyna Sitnik-Warchulska; Bartosz M Radtke; Urszula Sajewicz-Radtke; Małgorzata Lipowska

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1136079

Internalization of athletic body ideal as a mediating variable between family influence and body image of young women. A cross-cultural study of polish, Italian, and Ukrainian women

Front Psychiatry. 2023 Mar 23:14:1136079. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1136079. eCollection 2023.

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
² Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
³ Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
⁴ Faculty of Psychology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine.
⁵ Central Board of Prison Service, Ministry of Justice, Warsaw, Poland.
⁶ Laboratory of Psychological and Educational Tests, Gdańsk, Poland.
⁷ Institute of Psychology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.

Abstract

Introduction: Our aim was to analyze the strength of the family's influence on the internalization of the ideal of an athletic figure and, consequently, on the multifactorial image of the body, from the perspective of intercultural differences.

Methods: A total of 488 healthy women aged 19-26; of Polish (154), Ukrainian (228), and Italian (106) took part in the study. The Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire (SATAQ-4) and the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ 69) were used to measure athletic ideal internalization and family pressure. The body image of Ukrainian, Polish, and Italian women depends both on the degree of internalization the ideal of an athletic figure and influence of the family.

Results and discussion: The research also suggests significant differences between the three populations, which may suggest cultural differences between young women living in Eastern, Central, and South European countries.

Keywords: body image; family role; musculature in women; sports body standards; westernization.