Omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acid oxidation ratio as a novel inflammation resolution marker for metabolic complications in obesity

Philip Sarajlic; Claire Vigor; Antoine Avignon; Bingqing Zhou; Camille Oger; Jean-Marie Galano; Thierry Durand; Ariane Sultan; Magnus Bäck

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2023.03.007

Omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acid oxidation ratio as a novel inflammation resolution marker for metabolic complications in obesity

Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2023 Jun;33(6):1206-1213. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.03.007. Epub 2023 Mar 21.

Authors

Philip Sarajlic¹, Claire Vigor², Antoine Avignon³, Bingqing Zhou², Camille Oger², Jean-Marie Galano², Thierry Durand², Ariane Sultan⁴, Magnus Bäck⁵

Affiliations

¹ Translational Cardiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
² Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Pôle Recherche Chimie Balard, 34293 Cedex 5 Montpellier, France.
³ Endocrinology Diabetes Department, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Desbrest Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, IDESP UMR UA11 INSERM, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
⁴ Endocrinology Diabetes Department, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Phymedexp, Université de Montpellier, Inserm, CNRS, CHRU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
⁵ Translational Cardiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Université de Lorraine, INERM U1116, CHRU Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France. Electronic address: Magnus.Back@ki.se.

PMID: 37032252
DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.03.007

Abstract

Background and aims: The oxidative metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) leads to bioactive isoprostanoids. The aim was to establish the associations of a complete urinary isoprostanoid profiling in a cohort study of carefully phenotyped obese subjects to determine possible potential differential implications for omega-6 PUFA- and omega-3 PUFA-derived isoprostanoids for obesity, metabolic indicators, and inflammation.

Methods and results: PUFA peroxidation compounds were determined in urine samples from obese human subjects (n = 46) by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Increased omega-6 arachidonic acid (AA) oxidation, mainly represented by 5-F_2c isoprostane (5-F_2c-IsoP) and metabolites of 15-F_2t-IsoP, was associated with body mass index, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and mean arterial blood pressure. In addition, we identified the omega-3 PUFA-derived urinary metabolites 14-F_4t-NeuroP from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and 5-F_3t-IsoP from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which declined with age. The omega-3 to omega-6 oxidation ratio was a significant predictor of inflammation in obesity.

Conclusion: The findings point to full urinary isoprostanoid profiling as a more sensitive measure of PUFA oxidative stress in obesity-induced metabolic complications compared with individual isoprostanoid measures. Furthermore, the results suggest the balance between the omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA oxidation as determinative for the consequences of oxidative stress on inflammation in obesity.

Keywords: Cardiovascular risk; Diabetes; Inflammation; Isoprostanes; Lipid mediators; Obesity; Oxidative stress.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Cohort Studies
Fatty Acids, Omega-3*
Fatty Acids, Omega-6*
Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
Humans
Inflammation / diagnosis
Obesity / diagnosis

Substances

Fatty Acids, Omega-6
Fatty Acids, Omega-3
Fatty Acids, Unsaturated