Occurrence, spatio-temporal variation and ecological risk assessment of benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BUVs) in water and sediment of rivers in central India

Ankur Khare; Pradip Jadhao; Shatabdi Kawre; Gajanan Kanade; Mahendra Patil; Atul Narayan Vaidya; Asirvatham Ramesh Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163381

Occurrence, spatio-temporal variation and ecological risk assessment of benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BUVs) in water and sediment of rivers in central India

Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jul 15:882:163381. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163381. Epub 2023 Apr 7.

Authors

Ankur Khare¹, Pradip Jadhao¹, Shatabdi Kawre², Gajanan Kanade¹, Mahendra Patil¹, Atul Narayan Vaidya¹, Asirvatham Ramesh Kumar³

Affiliations

¹ Chemical and Hazardous Waste Management Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
² Chemical and Hazardous Waste Management Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, India.
³ Chemical and Hazardous Waste Management Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India. Electronic address: ar_kumar@neeri.res.in.

PMID: 37030358
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163381

Abstract

Occurrence of benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BUVs) in different environmental matrices has attracted researchers and regulatory agencies worldwide due to its persistency, bioaccumulative and toxic properties. Environmental occurrence of BUVs in Indian freshwater is lacking. The present study analyzed six targeted BUVs in surface water and sediments of three rivers of Central India. BUVs were determined in pre- and post-monsoon seasons to reveal their concentration, spatio-temporal distribution and probable ecological risks. Results indicated that total concentration of BUVs (ƩBUVs) ranged from ND to 42.88 μg/L in water, and ND to 165.26 ng/g in sediments with UV-329 as the predominant BUV in surface water and sediments during pre- and post-monsoon seasons. Surface water samples from Pili River, and sediment of Nag River accounted for maximum BUVs concentration. Partitioning coefficient results confirmed the effective transfer of BUVs from overlaying water to sediments. The observed concentration of BUVs in water and sediments posed low ecological risk to planktons. Untreated municipal discharges and poor waste management practices including dumping of wastes might be the sources of BUVs in water bodies.

Keywords: Emerging contaminants; Indian rivers; Persistent organic pollutants; Sediments; Stockholm convention; UV stabilizers.