Oxide-Derived Bismuth as an Efficient Catalyst for Electrochemical Reduction of Flue Gas

Fangqi Yang; Caihong Liang; Weizhen Zhou; Wendi Zhao; Pengfei Li; Zhengyu Hua; Haoming Yu; Shixia Chen; Shuguang Deng; Jing Li; Yeng Ming Lam; Jun Wang

doi:10.1002/smll.202300417

Oxide-Derived Bismuth as an Efficient Catalyst for Electrochemical Reduction of Flue Gas

Small. 2023 Jul;19(30):e2300417. doi: 10.1002/smll.202300417. Epub 2023 Apr 7.

Authors

Fangqi Yang^{1

2}, Caihong Liang³, Weizhen Zhou¹, Wendi Zhao⁴, Pengfei Li^{5

6}, Zhengyu Hua¹, Haoming Yu¹, Shixia Chen¹, Shuguang Deng⁷, Jing Li⁸, Yeng Ming Lam^{3

9}, Jun Wang¹

Affiliations

¹ School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, No. 999 Xuefu Avenue, Jiangxi, 330031, China.
² School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, No. 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
³ School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798.
⁴ School of Resources and Environment, Nanchang University, No. 999 Xuefu Avenue, Jiangxi, 330031, China.
⁵ Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543.
⁷ School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, 551 E. Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
⁸ School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
⁹ Facility for Analysis, Characterisation, Testing and Simulation (FACTS), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798.

PMID: 37026664
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300417

Abstract

Post-combustion flue gas (mainly containing 5-40% CO₂ balanced by N₂ ) accounts for about 60% global CO₂ emission. Rational conversion of flue gas into value-added chemicals is still a formidable challenge. Herein, this work reports a β-Bi₂ O₃ -derived bismuth (OD-Bi) catalyst with surface coordinated oxygen for efficient electroreduction of pure CO₂ , N_2, and flue gas. During pure CO₂ electroreduction, the maximum Faradaic efficiency (FE) of formate reaches 98.0% and stays above 90% in a broad potential of 600 mV with a long-term stability of 50 h. Additionally, OD-Bi achieves an ammonia (NH₃ ) FE of 18.53% and yield rate of 11.5 µg h^-1 mg_cat ^-1 in pure N₂ atmosphere. Noticeably, in simulated flue gas (15% CO₂ balanced by N₂ with trace impurities), a maximum formate FE of 97.3% is delivered within a flow cell, meanwhile above 90% formate FEs are obtained in a wide potential range of 700 mV. In-situ Raman combined with theory calculations reveals that the surface coordinated oxygen species in OD-Bi can drastically activate CO₂ and N₂ molecules by selectively favors the adsorption of *OCHO and *NNH intermediates, respectively. This work provides a surface oxygen modulation strategy to develop efficient bismuth-based electrocatalysts for directly reducing commercially relevant flue gas into valuable chemicals.

Keywords: CO 2 reduction; N 2 reduction; bismuth; electrocatalysts; flue gas reduction.

Abstract

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