Importance of long non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of prostate cancer

Mohammad Taheri; Elham Badrlou; Bashdar Mahmud Hussen; Amir Hossein Kashi; Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard; Aria Baniahmad

doi:10.3389/fonc.2023.1123101

Importance of long non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of prostate cancer

Front Oncol. 2023 Mar 21:13:1123101. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1123101. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Mohammad Taheri^{1

2}, Elham Badrlou³, Bashdar Mahmud Hussen⁴, Amir Hossein Kashi², Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard⁵, Aria Baniahmad¹

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
² Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
³ Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁴ Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq.
⁵ Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are regulatory transcripts with essential roles in the pathogenesis of almost all types of cancers, including prostate cancer. They can act as either oncogenic lncRNAs or tumor suppressor ones in prostate cancer. Small nucleolar RNA host genes are among the mostly assessed oncogenic lncRNAs in this cancer. PCA3 is an example of oncogenic lncRNAs that has been approved as a diagnostic marker in prostate cancer. A number of well-known oncogenic lncRNAs in other cancers such as DANCR, MALAT1, CCAT1, PVT1, TUG1 and NEAT1 have also been shown to act as oncogenes in prostate cancer. On the other hand, LINC00893, LINC01679, MIR22HG, RP1-59D14.5, MAGI2-AS3, NXTAR, FGF14-AS2 and ADAMTS9-AS1 are among lncRNAs that act as tumor suppressors in prostate cancer. LncRNAs can contribute to the pathogenesis of prostate cancer via modulation of androgen receptor (AR) signaling, ubiquitin-proteasome degradation process of AR or other important signaling pathways. The current review summarizes the role of lncRNAs in the evolution of prostate cancer with an especial focus on their importance in design of novel biomarker panels and therapeutic targets.

Keywords: biomarker; diagnostic; expression; lncRNA; prostate cancer.

Publication types

Review