Bortezomib, Melphalan, and Prednisone With or Without Daratumumab in Transplant-ineligible Asian Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: The Phase 3 OCTANS Study

Abstract

Introduction: In the global phase 3 ALCYONE trial, daratumumab plus bortezomib/melphalan/prednisone (D-VMP) improved outcomes versus VMP in transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients. Here, we report the primary analysis of the phase 3 OCTANS trial of D-VMP versus VMP in transplant-ineligible Asian NDMM patients.

Patients and methods: In total, 220 patients were randomized (2:1) to receive 9 cycles of VMP (bortezomib 1.3 mg/m² subcutaneously twice weekly in Cycle 1 and weekly in Cycles 2 to 9; melphalan 9 mg/m² orally; and prednisone 60 mg/m² orally on Days 1 to 4 of each cycle) ± daratumumab 16 mg/kg intravenously weekly in Cycle 1, every 3 weeks in Cycles 2 to 9, and every 4 weeks thereafter until disease progression.

Results: After a median follow-up of 12.3 months, very good partial response or better rates (primary endpoint) were 74.0% versus 43.2% with D-VMP versus VMP (odds ratio, 3.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.99-6.43; P < .0001). Median progression-free survival (PFS) with D-VMP versus VMP was not reached versus 18.2 months (hazard ratio, .43; 95% CI, .24-.77; P = .0033); 12-month PFS rates were 84.2% versus 64.6%. The most frequent grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events with D-VMP/VMP were thrombocytopenia (46.5%/45.1%), neutropenia (39.6%/50.7%), and leukopenia (31.3%/36.6%).

Conclusion: D-VMP demonstrated a favorable benefit/risk profile in transplant-ineligible Asian NDMM patients. This trial was registered at www.

Clinicaltrials: gov as #NCT03217812.

Keywords: Clinical trial; Efficacy; Patient-reported outcomes; Pharmacokinetic; Safety.