Hepatic Outcomes of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Including Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Saleh A Alqahtani; Wah-Kheong Chan; Ming-Lung Yu

doi:10.1016/j.cld.2023.01.019

Hepatic Outcomes of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Including Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Clin Liver Dis. 2023 May;27(2):211-223. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2023.01.019. Epub 2023 Mar 9.

Authors

Saleh A Alqahtani¹, Wah-Kheong Chan², Ming-Lung Yu³

Affiliations

¹ Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Liver Transplant Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: salqaht1@jhmi.edu.
² Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
³ School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

PMID: 37024203
DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2023.01.019

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and represents a significant cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Almost 20% of patients with NAFLD and advanced fibrosis develop cirrhosis, of which 20% can progress to decompensated liver stage. Although patients with cirrhosis or fibrosis continue to have a high risk for HCC progression, growing evidence shows that NAFLD-HCC can develop even in the absence of cirrhosis. Current evidence characterizes NAFLD-HCC primarily as a condition with late presentation, lower response to curative therapy, and poor prognosis.

Keywords: Fatty liver; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Liver cancer; Liver cirrhosis; Nonalcoholic fatty liver; Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* / therapy
Disease Progression
Fibrosis
Humans
Liver Cirrhosis / complications
Liver Cirrhosis / pathology
Liver Neoplasms* / pathology
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* / therapy