Universal Renaissance Strategy of Metal Fluoride in Secondary Ion Batteries Enabled by Liquid Metal Gallium

Adv Mater. 2023 Jul;35(28):e2301442. doi: 10.1002/adma.202301442. Epub 2023 May 30.

Abstract

All-solid-state alkali ion batteries represent a future trend in battery technology, as well as provide an opportunity for low-cost metal fluoride electrode materials, if certain intrinsic problems can be resolved. In this work, a liquid metal activation strategy is proposed in which liquid Ga elements are generated in situ and doped into the LiF crystal structure by introducing a small amount of GaF3 . Benefiting from these two Ga states of existence, in which the liquid metal Ga can continuously maintain conformable ion/electron-transport networks, while doped Ga in the LiF crystal structure catalyzes LiF splitting, the lithium-ion storage capacity of MnF2 significantly increases by 87%. A similar effect can be obtained in FeF3 , where the sodium-ion storage capacity is enhanced by 33%. This universal strategy with few restrictions can be used to realize a complete renaissance of metal fluorides, as well as offer an opportunity for the new application of liquid metals in the field of energy storage.

Keywords: all-solid-state batteries; anodes; cathodes; liquid metal gallium; metal fluorides.

MeSH terms

  • Electric Power Supplies
  • Electrodes
  • Fluorides*
  • Gallium*
  • Lithium

Substances

  • Fluorides
  • Gallium
  • Lithium