Effect of Early Balloon Inflation of Balloon Guide Catheter in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Large Vessel Occlusion

Abstract

Objective: A balloon guide catheter (BGC) is widely used in mechanical thrombectomy (MT). However, the balloon inflation timing of BGC has not been clearly established. We evaluated whether balloon inflation timing of BGC affects the results of MT.

Methods: Patients who underwent MT with BGC for anterior circulation occlusion were enrolled. Patients were dichotomized into early and late balloon inflation groups, according to the timing of BGC inflation. Angiographic and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups. Multivariable analyses were performed to evaluate the predictive factors for first-pass reperfusion (FPR) and successful reperfusion (SR).

Results: Of 436 patients, the early balloon inflation group showed a shorter procedure time (21 min (11-37) vs. 29 min (14-46), p = 0.014), a higher rate of SR with aspiration only (64.0% vs. 55.4%, p = 0.016), a lower aspiration catheter delivery failure rate (11.1% vs. 19.4%, p = 0.005), less frequent technique conversion (36.0% vs. 44.5%, p = 0.009), higher rate of FPR (58.2% vs. 50.2%, p = 0.011), and a lower rate of distal embolization (7.9% vs. 11.7%, P = 0.006), compared to the late balloon inflation group. In multivariate analysis, early balloon inflation was an independent predictor for FPR (odds ratio, OR 1.53, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.37-2.57; p = 0.011) and SR (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.18-1.64; p = 0.018).

Conclusion: Early balloon inflation of BGC enables an effective procedure than late balloon inflation. Early balloon inflation was associated with higher rates of FPR and SR.

Keywords: Balloon occlusion; balloon inflation; intervention; ischemic stroke; reperfusion; thrombectomy.