Microsporogenesis in the triploid hybrid 'Beilinxiongzhu 1#' and detection of primary trisomy in 2x × 3 × Populus hybrids

Yaru Sang; Bo Kong; Phuong Uyen Do; Lexun Ma; Jiahua Du; Liang Li; Xuetong Cheng; Yifan Zhao; Qing Zhou; Jian Wu; Lianjun Song; Pingdong Zhang

doi:10.1186/s12870-023-04189-9

Microsporogenesis in the triploid hybrid 'Beilinxiongzhu 1#' and detection of primary trisomy in 2x × 3 × Populus hybrids

BMC Plant Biol. 2023 Apr 4;23(1):177. doi: 10.1186/s12870-023-04189-9.

Authors

Yaru Sang^{1

2

3}, Bo Kong^{1

2

3}, Phuong Uyen Do^{1

2

3}, Lexun Ma^{1

2

3}, Jiahua Du^{1

2

3}, Liang Li^{1

2

3}, Xuetong Cheng^{1

2

3}, Yifan Zhao^{1

2

3}, Qing Zhou^{1

2

3}, Jian Wu^{1

2

3}, Lianjun Song⁴, Pingdong Zhang^{5

6

7}

Affiliations

¹ College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
² National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
⁴ Forest Tree Species Breeding Base of Weixian Country, Hebei, 054700, China.
⁵ College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China. zhangpd@bjfu.edu.cn.
⁶ National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China. zhangpd@bjfu.edu.cn.
⁷ Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China. zhangpd@bjfu.edu.cn.

Abstract

Background: Primary trisomy is a powerful genetic tool in plants. However, trisomy has not been detected in Populus as a model system for tree and woody perennial plant biology.

Results: In the present study, a backcross between Populus alba × Populus glandulosa 'YXY 7#' (2n = 2x = 38) and the triploid hybrid 'Beilinxiongzhu 1#' (2n = 3x = 57) based on the observation of microsporogenesis and an evaluation of the variations in pollen was conducted to create primary trisomy. Many abnormalities, such as premature migration of chromosomes, lagging of chromosomes, chromosome bridges, asymmetric separation, micronuclei, and premature cytokinesis, have been detected during meiosis of the triploid hybrid clone 'Beilinxiongzhu 1#'. However, these abnormal behaviors did not result in completely aborted pollen. The pollen diameter of the triploid hybrid clone 'Beilinxiongzhu 1#' is bimodally distributed, which was similar to the chromosomal number of the backcross progeny. A total of 393 progeny were generated. We provide a protocol for determining the number of chromosomes in aneuploid progeny, and 19 distinct simple sequence repeat (SSR) primer pairs covering the entire Populus genome were developed. Primary trisomy 11 and trisomy 17 were detected in the 2x × 3 x hybrid using the SSR molecular markers and counting of somatic chromosomes.

Conclusions: Nineteen distinct SSR primer pairs for determining chromosomal number in aneuploid individuals were developed, and two Populus trisomies were detected from 2x × 3 x hybrids by SSR markers and somatic chromosome counting. Our findings provide a powerful genetic tool to reveal the function of genes in Populus.

Keywords: Hybrid triploid Populus; Meiotic abnormality; Microsporogenesis; Primary trisomy; SSR marker.

MeSH terms

Aneuploidy
Crosses, Genetic
Gametogenesis, Plant / genetics
Plants / genetics
Populus* / genetics
Triploidy*
Trisomy