F-box and leucine-rich repeat 6 promotes gastric cancer progression via the promotion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Lei Meng; Yu-Ting Hu; A-Man Xu

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v15.i3.490

F-box and leucine-rich repeat 6 promotes gastric cancer progression via the promotion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition

World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2023 Mar 15;15(3):490-503. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i3.490.

Authors

Lei Meng¹, Yu-Ting Hu², A-Man Xu³

Affiliations

¹ Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China.
² Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China.
³ Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China. amanxu1965@163.com.

Abstract

Background: F-box and leucine-rich repeat 6 (FBXL6) have reportedly been associated with several cancer types. However, the role and mechanisms of FBXL6 in gastric cancer (GC) require further elucidation.

Aim: To investigate the effect of FBXL6 in GC tissues and cells and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: TCGA and GEO database analysis was performed to evaluate the expression of FBXL6 in GC tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence, and western blotting were used to detect the expression of FBXL6 in GC tissue and cell lines. Cell clone formation, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays, CCK-8, transwell migration assay, and wound healing assays were performed to evaluate the malignant biological behavior in GC cell lines after transfection with FBXL6-shRNA and the overexpression of FBXL6 plasmids. Furthermore, in vivo tumor assays were performed to prove whether FBXL6 promoted cell proliferation in vivo.

Results: FBXL6 expression was upregulated more in tumor tissues than in adjacent normal tissues and positively associated with clinicopathological characteristics. The outcomes of CCK-8, clone formation, and Edu assays demonstrated that FBXL6 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, whereas upregulation of FBXL6 promoted proliferation in GC cells. Additionally, the transwell migration assay revealed that FBXL6 knockdown suppressed migration and invasion, whereas the overexpression of FBXL6 showed the opposite results. Through the subcutaneous tumor implantation assay, it was evident that the knockdown of FBXL6 inhibited GC graft tumor growth in vivo. Western blotting showed that the effects of FBXL6 on the expression of the proteins associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated proteins in GC cells.

Conclusion: Silencing of FBXL6 inactivated the EMT pathway to suppress GC malignancy in vitro. FBXL6 can potentially be used for the diagnosis and targeted therapy of patients with GC.

Keywords: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition; F-box and leucine-rich repeat 6; Gastric cancer; Invasion; Metastasis.