Association between glycolipids and risk of obstructive sleep apnea: A population-based study

Murui Zheng; Xueru Duan; Huanning Zhou; Weidi Sun; Guoqiang Sun; Jianying Chen; Xiuyi Wu; Sijing Rong; Jun Huang; Wengjing Zhao; Hai Deng; Xudong Liu

doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.974801

Association between glycolipids and risk of obstructive sleep apnea: A population-based study

Front Nutr. 2023 Mar 16:10:974801. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.974801. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Murui Zheng¹, Xueru Duan^{2

3}, Huanning Zhou⁴, Weidi Sun⁵, Guoqiang Sun⁶, Jianying Chen⁶, Xiuyi Wu⁷, Sijing Rong⁸, Jun Huang⁹, Wengjing Zhao¹⁰, Hai Deng¹¹, Xudong Liu³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Community Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.
² Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
³ School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
⁴ Guangzhou Yuexiu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.
⁵ School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
⁶ Baiyun Street Community Health Service Center, Guangzhou, China.
⁷ Nancun Town Community Health Service Center, Guangzhou, China.
⁸ Guangzhou Haizhu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.
⁹ Department of Geriatrics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Institute of Geriatrics, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou, China.
¹⁰ School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
¹¹ Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou, China.

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to investigate the associations between multiple glycolipid biomarkers and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods: Participants (10,286) aged from 35 to 74 years old were included in this cross-sectional study from the baseline survey of the Guangzhou Heart Study. OSA was ascertained using both Berlin Questionnaire and STOP-BANG Questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were collected from each participant; fasting blood glucose (FBG) and serum concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-CH), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-CH), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) were determined. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using the multivariate logistic regression model after adjustment for covariates.

Results: Of the participants included, 15.56% were categorized into the pre-OSA group, and 8.22% into the OSA group. When comparing the highest with the lowest quartiles, HDL-HC was associated with a 22% (OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.65-0.94) and 41% (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.45-0.78) reduced risk of pre-OSA and OSA, triglyceride was associated with a 32% (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.08-1.60) and a 56% (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.18-2.07) increased risk of pre-OSA and OSA, and FBG was associated with a 1.37-fold (95% CI 1.13-1.67) risk of pre-OSA and 1.38-fold (95% CI 1.03-1.85) risk of OSA. A significant exposure-response trend was observed for HDL-HC, TG, and FBG with both OSA and Pre-OSA (all p < 0.05). No significant association of LDL-CH and TC with the risk of both pre-OSA and OSA was observed.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that serum HDL-CH was inversely associated with OSA risk, while elevated serum TG and FBG could increase the risk of OSA. Healthy glycolipid metabolism warrants more attention in the field of OSA prevention.

Keywords: biomarker; blood glucose; lipid; obstructive sleep apnea; risk factor.