Serum lipid biomarkers and inflammatory cytokines associated with onset and clinical status of patients with early knee osteoarthritis

Luz Herrero-Manley; Ana Alabajos-Cea; Luis Suso-Martí; Ferran Cuenca-Martínez; Joaquín Calatayud; José Casaña; Enrique Viosca-Herrero; Isabel Vázquez-Arce; Francisco José Ferrer-Sargues; María Blanco-Díaz

doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1126796

Serum lipid biomarkers and inflammatory cytokines associated with onset and clinical status of patients with early knee osteoarthritis

Front Nutr. 2023 Mar 15:10:1126796. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1126796. eCollection 2023.

Affiliations

¹ Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
² Grupo de Investigación en Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IISLAFE), Valencia, Spain.
³ Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
⁴ Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
⁵ Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain.
⁶ Department of Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.

Abstract

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint condition and one of the greatest causes of disability worldwide. The role of serum lipid and inflammatory biomarkers in the origin and development of the disease is not clear, although it could have important implications for diagnosis and treatment. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate differences of serum lipid and inflammatory biomarkers with knee EOA in comparison with matched controls, in order to determine the role of these factors in the origin of EOA.

Methods: For this proposal, a cross-sectional study with a non-randomized sample was performed. 48 subjects with early osteoarthritis (EOA) and 48 matched controls were selected and serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL) and inflammatory biomarkers C-reactive protein (CRP), uric acid (UA) were analyzed. In addition, clinical (pain, disability) and functional (gait speed, sit-to-stand) variables were measured to establish their relationship to serum lipid levels and inflammatory biomarkers.

Results: Patients with EOA showed higher levels of total cholesterol LDL, UA, and CRP. Higher levels of total cholesterol, LDL and CRP were correlated with higher levels of pain intensity and higher disability (p < 0.05). In addition, UA and CRP were inversely correlated with gait speed and sit-to-stand tests (r = -0.038 to -0.5, p < 0.05).

Conclusion: These results highlight the relevance of metabolic and proinflammatory aspects in the early stages of knee OA and could be key to developing early diagnoses to prevent the onset and development of the disease.

Keywords: cytokine; early osteoarthritis; inflammatory biomarkers; osteoarthritis; serum lipid.