Advances of multi-omics applications in hepatic precancerous lesions and hepatocellular carcinoma: The role of extracellular vesicles

Xiaona Lu; Yuyao Li; Yue Li; Xuemei Zhang; Jia Shi; Hai Feng; Yueqiu Gao; Zhuo Yu

doi:10.3389/fmolb.2023.1114594

Advances of multi-omics applications in hepatic precancerous lesions and hepatocellular carcinoma: The role of extracellular vesicles

Front Mol Biosci. 2023 Mar 16:10:1114594. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1114594. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Xiaona Lu¹, Yuyao Li¹, Yue Li¹, Xuemei Zhang¹, Jia Shi¹, Hai Feng², Yueqiu Gao^{1

2}, Zhuo Yu¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
² Institute of Infectious Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Abstract

Due to the lack of distinct early symptoms and specific biomarkers, most patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are usually diagnosed at advanced stages, rendering the treatment ineffective and useless. Therefore, recognition of the malady at precancerous lesions and early stages is particularly important for improving patient outcomes. The interest in extracellular vesicles (EVs) has been growing in recent years with the accumulating knowledge of their multiple cargoes and related multipotent roles in the modulation of immune response and tumor progression. By virtue of the rapid advancement of high-throughput techniques, multiple omics, including genomics/transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics/lipidomics, have been widely integrated to analyze the role of EVs. Comprehensive analysis of multi-omics data will provide useful insights for discovery of new biomarkers and identification of therapeutic targets. Here, we review the attainment of multi-omics analysis to the finding of the potential role of EVs in early diagnosis and the immunotherapy in HCC.

Keywords: early diagnosis; extracellular vesicle; hepatic precancerous lesions; hepatocellular carcinoma; immunotherapy; multi-omics.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 82222074, 81874436, 82074154, 81774240), Three-year Action Plan for the Development of Chinese Medicine in Shanghai [Nos. ZY (2018-2020)-CCCX-2003-01], Shanghai Key Clinical Specialty Construction Project (No. shslczdzk01201), The Siming Scholar from Shanghai Shuguang Hospital (SGXZ-201904), Youth Tip-top Talent program in Shanghai, Xinglin Youth Scholar from Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.