Chronic training status affects muscle excitation of the vastus lateralis during repeated contractions

Sunggun Jeon; Stephanie A Sontag; Trent J Herda; Michael A Trevino

doi:10.1016/j.smhs.2022.12.005

Chronic training status affects muscle excitation of the vastus lateralis during repeated contractions

Sports Med Health Sci. 2023 Jan 2;5(1):42-49. doi: 10.1016/j.smhs.2022.12.005. eCollection 2023 Mar.

Authors

Sunggun Jeon¹, Stephanie A Sontag¹, Trent J Herda², Michael A Trevino¹

Affiliations

¹ Applied Neuromuscular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
² Neuromechanics Laboratory, Department of Health, Sport, and Exercise Sciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.

Abstract

This study examined electromyographic amplitude (EMG_RMS)-force relationships during repeated submaximal knee extensor muscle actions among chronic aerobically-(AT), resistance-trained (RT), and sedentary (SED) individuals. Fifteen adults (5/group) attempted 20 isometric trapezoidal muscle actions at 50% of maximal strength. Surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded from vastus lateralis (VL) during the muscle actions. For the first and last successfully completed contractions, linear regression models were fit to the log-transformed EMG_RMS-force relationships during the linearly increasing and decreasing segments, and the b terms (slope) and a terms (antilog of y-intercept) were calculated. EMG_RMS was averaged during steady force. Only the AT completed all 20 muscle actions. During the first contraction, the b terms for RT (1.301 ± 0.197) were greater than AT (0.910 ± 0.123; p = 0.008) and SED (0.912 ± 0.162; p = 0.008) during the linearly increasing segment, and in comparison to the linearly decreasing segment (1.018 ± 0.139; p = 0.014), respectively. For the last contraction, the b terms for RT were greater than AT during the linearly increasing (RT = 1.373 ± 0.353; AT = 0.883 ± 0.129; p = 0.018) and decreasing (RT = 1.526 ± 0.328; AT = 0.970 ± 0.223; p = 0.010) segments. In addition, the b terms for SED increased from the linearly increasing (0.968 ± 0.144) to decreasing segment (1.268 ± 0.126; p = 0.015). There were no training, segment, or contraction differences for the a terms. EMG_RMS during steady force increased from the first- ([64.08 ± 51.68] μV) to last-contraction ([86.73 ± 49.55] μV; p = 0.001) collapsed across training statuses. The b terms differentiated the rate of change for EMG_RMS with increments in force among training groups, indicating greater muscle excitation to the motoneuron pool was necessary for the RT than AT during the linearly increasing and decreasing segments of a repetitive task.

Keywords: Electromyography; Fatigue; Isometric trapezoidal muscle action; Motor unit control properties; Natural log-transformed model; Vastus lateralis.