Inactivation Performance of Pseudorabies Virus as African Swine Fever Virus Surrogate by Four Commercialized Disinfectants

Zheng Ni; Liu Chen; Tao Yun; Ronghui Xie; Weicheng Ye; Jionggang Hua; Yinchu Zhu; Cun Zhang

doi:10.3390/vaccines11030579

Inactivation Performance of Pseudorabies Virus as African Swine Fever Virus Surrogate by Four Commercialized Disinfectants

Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Mar 2;11(3):579. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11030579.

Authors

Zheng Ni¹, Liu Chen¹, Tao Yun¹, Ronghui Xie², Weicheng Ye¹, Jionggang Hua¹, Yinchu Zhu¹, Cun Zhang¹

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
² Zhejiang Provincial Center for Animal Disease Control, Hangzhou 310018, China.

Abstract

This study was based on similar physicochemical characteristics of pseudorabies virus (PRV) and African swine fever virus (ASFV). A cellular model for evaluation of disinfectants was established with PRV as an alternative marker strain. In the present study, we evaluated the disinfection performance of commonly used commercialized disinfectants on PRV to provide a reference for the selection of good ASFV disinfectants. In addition, the disinfection (anti-virus) performances for four disinfectants were investigated based on the minimum effective concentration, onset time, action time, and operating temperature. Our results demonstrated that glutaraldehyde decamethylammonium bromide solution, peracetic acid solution, sodium dichloroisocyanurate, and povidone-iodine solution effectively inactivated PRV at concentrations 0.1, 0.5, 0.5, and 2.5 g/L on different time points 30, 5, 10, and 10 min, respectively. Specifically, peracetic acid exhibits optimized overall performance. Glutaraldehyde decamethylammonium bromide is cost effective but requires a long action time and the disinfectant activity is severely affected by low temperatures. Furthermore, povidone-iodine rapidly inactivates the virus and is not affected by environmental temperature, but its application is limited by a poor dilution ratio such as for local disinfection of the skin. This study provides a reference for the selection of disinfectants for ASFV.

Keywords: African swine fever virus (ASFV); evaluation model for disinfectant; inactivation performance; infection control; pseudorabies virus (PRV).

Grants and funding

This study was supported by Zhejiang Province Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. LGN21C180002 and Zhejiang Province Science and Technology Cooperation Project of “Three Rural and Nine Parties” under Grant No. 2023SNJF059.