Extracellular Vesicle-Based SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine

Yasunari Matsuzaka; Ryu Yashiro

doi:10.3390/vaccines11030539

Extracellular Vesicle-Based SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine

Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Feb 24;11(3):539. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11030539.

Authors

Yasunari Matsuzaka^{1

2}, Ryu Yashiro^{2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Division of Molecular and Medical Genetics, The Institute of Medical Science, Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
² Administrative Section of Radiation Protection, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan.
³ Department of Infectious Diseases, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan.

Abstract

Messenger ribonucleic acid (RNA) vaccines are mainly used as SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Despite several issues concerning storage, stability, effective period, and side effects, viral vector vaccines are widely used for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Recently, viral vector-encapsulated extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been suggested as useful tools, owing to their safety and ability to escape from neutral antibodies. Herein, we summarize the possible cellular mechanisms underlying EV-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; drug delivery; exosomes; extracellular vesicles; lipid nanoparticle; viral vector.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

Fukuda Foundation for Medical Technology/Fukuda Foundation for Medical Technology