Structural features of the Notch ankyrin domain-Deltex WWE2 domain heterodimer determined by NMR spectroscopy and functional implications

Abstract

The Notch signaling pathway, an important cell fate determination pathway, is modulated by the ubiquitin ligase Deltex. Here, we investigate the structural basis for Deltex-Notch interaction. We used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to assign the backbone of the Drosophila Deltex WWE₂ domain and mapped the binding site of the Notch ankyrin (ANK) domain to the N-terminal WWE_A motif. Using cultured Drosophila S2R+ cells, we find that point substitutions within the ANK-binding surface of Deltex disrupt Deltex-mediated enhancement of Notch transcriptional activation and disrupt ANK binding in cells and in vitro. Likewise, ANK substitutions that disrupt Notch-Deltex heterodimer formation in vitro block disrupt Deltex-mediated stimulation of Notch transcription activation and diminish interaction with full-length Deltex in cells. Surprisingly, the Deltex-Notch intracellular domain (NICD) interaction is not disrupted by deletion of the Deltex WWE₂ domain, suggesting a secondary Notch-Deltex interaction. These results show the importance of the WWE_A:ANK interaction in enhancing Notch signaling.

Keywords: Deltex; NMR; Notch; Notch signaling; RING domain; WWE(2) motifs; ankyrin repeats; protein-protein interactions; ubiquitin ligase.