The clinical relevance and pathogenesis of microbes in ankylosing spondylitis

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
• ² Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
• ³ Center for Global Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
• ⁴ Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
• ⁵ Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
• ⁶ School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
• ⁷ Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
• ⁸ College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.