Clinicopathological Patterns of Malignant Solid Tumors in Adult Patients: A Hospital-Based Study From Bangladesh

Ayesha Siddika; Sawrab Chowdhury; Md Rockyb Hasan; Md Moniruzzaman; S K Jakaria Been Sayeed; Tahsin Tabassum; Mahidul Chowduary; Tanzin Tabassum; Azizul Islam; Md Mujibur Rahman

doi:10.7759/cureus.34925

Clinicopathological Patterns of Malignant Solid Tumors in Adult Patients: A Hospital-Based Study From Bangladesh

Cureus. 2023 Feb 13;15(2):e34925. doi: 10.7759/cureus.34925. eCollection 2023 Feb.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Cardiology, National Heart Foundation Hospital & Research Institute, Dhaka, BGD.
² Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Chandpur Polytechnic Institute, Chandpur, BGD.
³ Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, USA.
⁴ Clinical Neurology, National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital, Dhaka, BGD.
⁵ Medicine and Rheumatology, National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital, Dhaka, BGD.
⁶ School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, USA.
⁷ Internal Medicine, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA.
⁸ General Surgery, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, GBR.
⁹ Internal Medicine, Bangladesh Armed Forces, Directorate General of Medical Service (DGMS), Dhaka, BGD.
¹⁰ Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD.

Abstract

Background: Solid malignant tumors are abnormal masses of tissue that usually do not contain any cysts or liquid areas. The causation of these tumors is multifactorial, and the disease process differs at different sites.

Aim: This study aims to determine the clinicopathological patterns of malignant solid tumors in adult patients admitted into the department of internal medicine of a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh.

Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2018 and June 2018 at the Department of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh. We recorded the complete socio-demographic characteristics, clinical patterns, and pathological characteristics of malignant solid tumors in adult patients.

Results: A total of 100 patients with confirmed malignant solid tumors were included in our study. The mean age of the patients was 47.5 years (SD: ±4.20); most of them (27%) were between 58 and 67 years of age. Male patients constitute 59% of the total study sample. Most of the patients were of the middle socio-economic class (59%) and most of them (61%) were nonsmokers. Among the patient diagnoses, 19% had lung cancer, 29.27% had breast cancer, and in 14%, lymphoma (tumor arising from the lymphatic system) was the common solid tumor. Lung cancer was found to be the most common form of cancer in males. Additionally, the majority of those diagnosed with lung cancer smoked. Breast cancer was found to be the most common type of cancer in females.

Conclusion: This study reflects that solid malignant tumors can affect any socio-economic class of people. Based on findings in our study as well as others, prevention efforts should focus on the reduction in tobacco use and the incorporation of other lifestyle changes, such as diet modification and exercise. Additionally, the incorporation of economic factors and how they affect cancer presentation in different contexts is crucial.

Keywords: clinical features; malignant solid tumor; pathological pattern; risk factors; socio-economic groups; solid tumor.