Investigation of Entropy Production with Thermal Analysis under Soret and Dufour Effects in MHD Flow between Convergent and Divergent Channels

Sohail Rehman; Hashim; Siwar Ben Hadj Hassine; Elsayed Tag Eldin; Syed Omer Shah

doi:10.1021/acsomega.2c05937

Investigation of Entropy Production with Thermal Analysis under Soret and Dufour Effects in MHD Flow between Convergent and Divergent Channels

ACS Omega. 2023 Mar 5;8(10):9121-9136. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05937. eCollection 2023 Mar 14.

Authors

Sohail Rehman¹, Hashim², Siwar Ben Hadj Hassine³, Elsayed Tag Eldin⁴, Syed Omer Shah⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department Mechanical Engineering, School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30318, USA.
² Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 22620, Pakistan.
³ Department of Computer Science, College of Science and Arts at Muhayel, King Khalid University, Abha, Asir 61421, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Center of Research, Faculty of Engineering, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt.
⁵ Department of Mathematics, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25120, Pakistan.

Abstract

Hydromagnetic flow and heat transport have sustainable importance in conventional system design along with high-performance thermal equipment and geothermal energy structures. The current computational study investigates the energy transport and entropy production due to the pressure-driven flow of non-Newtonian fluid filled inside the wedge-shaped channel. The nonlinear radiation flux and uniform magnetic field are incorporated into the flow analysis. To be more precise, non-Newtonian fluid initiates from an inlet with the bound of the parabolic profile and leaves at outlet of a convergent/divergent channel. We assume that the channel flow is adiabatic and influenced by the wall friction. The leading flow equations are modeled via the Carreau fluid model using fundamental conservation laws. The thermodynamical aspect of the system is visualized using a two-phase model and analyses of the entropy equation due to fluid friction, ohmic heating, and diffusion of heat and mass fluxes. The modeled system of equations is normalized using a dimensionless variable mechanism. The system was elevated for the significant variation of controlling parameters. The outcomes obtained from the computational investigation are validated with the theoretical results that are available in the literature. An increasing semivertex angle and Reynolds number increase the converging channel flow. In the core flow zone, an increase in the divergent semiangle causes the flow to decelerate, while near and at the channel wall it causes a slight acceleration. Outcomes designate that the main contribution to the irreversibility is due to ohmic loss, frictional loss, and heat loss. The thermal performance and entropy production is dominant for a diverging flow. The outcomes of this research will assist in comprehending the process of entropy minimization in conjunction with the flow of nanomaterials in a nonuniform channel, which is essential in engineering processes such as the creation of micro machines, supersonic Jets, nozzles, and clean energy.