Infarcts and ischemia in the abdomen: an imaging perspective with an emphasis on cross-sectional imaging findings

Abdom Radiol (NY). 2023 Jun;48(6):2167-2195. doi: 10.1007/s00261-023-03877-2. Epub 2023 Mar 18.

Abstract

Infarcts and ischemia of abdominal organs may present with acute abdominal pain, and early diagnosis is crucial to prevent morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, some of these patients present in poor clinical conditions to the emergency department, and imaging specialists are crucial for optimal outcomes. Although the radiological diagnosis of abdominal infarcts is often straightforward, it is vital to use the appropriate imaging modalities and correct imaging techniques for their detection. Additionally, some non-infarct-related abdominal pathologies may mimic infarcts, cause diagnostic confusion, and result in delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis. In this article, we aimed to outline the general imaging approach, present cross-sectional imaging findings of infarcts and ischemia in several abdominal organs, including but not limited to, liver, spleen, kidneys, adrenals, omentum, and intestinal segments with relevant vascular anatomy, discuss possible differential diagnoses and emphasize important clinical/radiological clues that may assist radiologists in the diagnostic process.

Keywords: Abdomen; CT; Cross-sectional imaging; Infarction; MR.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Abdomen*
  • Abdomen, Acute* / diagnostic imaging
  • Abdomen, Acute* / etiology
  • Abdominal Pain
  • Diagnostic Imaging / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Infarction / diagnostic imaging
  • Ischemia / complications
  • Ischemia / diagnostic imaging