Quantification of levetiracetam in plasma and urine and its application to a pharmacokinetic study of traumatic brain injury patients

Bioanalysis. 2023 Jan;15(1):31-42. doi: 10.4155/bio-2022-0230. Epub 2023 Mar 17.

Abstract

Background: Levetiracetam is an antiepileptic drug used to prevent or treat seizure in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. This study aimed to develop and validate methodology suitable for measuring levetiracetam concentrations in human plasma and urine. Methods: Plasma or urine (10 μl) samples were spiked with [2H6]-levetiracetam and processed using an acetonitrile precipitation. ESI-LC-MS/MS was employed for analyte detection. Results: The levetiracetam calibration was linear from 0.1 to 50 mg/l in a combined matrix of plasma and urine. Intra- and inter-assay imprecision and accuracy in plasma were <7.7 and 109%, and in urine were <7.9 and 108%, respectively. Conclusion: The validated method was applied to a pharmacokinetic study of levetiracetam in critically ill patients with severe traumatic brain injury.

Keywords: chromatography; levetiracetam; mass spectrometry; pharmacokinetic; traumatic brain injury; triple quadrupole.

Plain language summary

Levetiracetam is a drug that is used for the prevention or treatment of seizure. This study aimed to design a method that would be suitable for measuring levetiracetam in human plasma and urine. The method was subsequently applied to a clinical study of patients with severe traumatic brain injury.

MeSH terms

  • Anticonvulsants / therapeutic use
  • Brain Injuries, Traumatic* / drug therapy
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / methods
  • Chromatography, Liquid / methods
  • Humans
  • Levetiracetam
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry* / methods

Substances

  • Levetiracetam
  • Anticonvulsants