Design and fabrication of a Wilkinson power divider with harmonic suppression for LTE and GSM applications

Gholamhosein Moloudian; Sepehr Soltani; Sirous Bahrami; John L Buckley; Brendan O'Flynn; Ali Lalbakhsh

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-31019-7

Design and fabrication of a Wilkinson power divider with harmonic suppression for LTE and GSM applications

Sci Rep. 2023 Mar 14;13(1):4246. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-31019-7.

Authors

Gholamhosein Moloudian¹, Sepehr Soltani², Sirous Bahrami³, John L Buckley¹, Brendan O'Flynn¹, Ali Lalbakhsh⁴

Affiliations

¹ Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, T12R5CP, Ireland.
² School of Electrical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
³ Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea.
⁴ Macquarie University College, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia. ali.lalbakhsh@mq.edu.au.

Abstract

Conventional Wilkinson power dividers (WPDs) can provide acceptable performance close to the nominal center frequency. However, these WPDs can also exhibit poor out-of-band performance while requiring a large footprint. In order to improve on the current state of the art, a modified microstrip WPD is proposed that exhibits a substantially improved stopband and high isolation. A lowpass filter (LPF) structure is utilized in both branches of the power divider to provide harmonic suppression. According to the obtained results, the input return loss (|S₁₁|), output return loss (|S₂₂|), output insertion loss (|S₂₁|) and isolation (|S₃₂|) are better than 34.2 dB, 26.2 dB, 3.52 dB and 31.2 dB, respectively. The proposed modified WPD has a wide 20 dB stopband (from 2.54 GHz to 13.48 GHz) and filters the second to seventh harmonics with attenuation levels of greater than 20 dB. The proposed WPD has a small size of 33.8 mm × 27 mm (0.42 λg × 0.33 λg), where λg is the guided wavelength at the operating frequency of 1.8 GHz. The WPD has been fabricated and tested and shows good agreement between simulated and measured results and the proposed design has desirable characteristics for LTE and GSM applications.