Safety and pharmacokinetics of GB1211, an oral galectin-3 inhibitor: a single- and multiple-dose first-in-human study in healthy participants

Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2023 Mar;91(3):267-280. doi: 10.1007/s00280-023-04513-y. Epub 2023 Mar 13.

Abstract

Purpose: Galectin-3, a β-galactoside-binding lectin, plays a key role in several cellular pathways involved in chronic inflammation, heart disease and cancer. GB1211 is an orally bioavailable galectin-3 inhibitor, developed to be systemically active. We report safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of GB1211 in healthy participants.

Methods: This phase 1, double-blind, placebo-controlled, first-in-human study (NCT03809052) included a single ascending-dose phase (with a food-effect cohort) where participants across seven sequential cohorts were randomized 3:1 to receive oral GB1211 (5, 20, 50, 100, 200 or 400 mg) or placebo. In the multiple ascending-dose phase, participants received 50 or 100 mg GB1211 or placebo twice daily for 10 days. All doses were administered in the fasted state except in the food-effect cohort where doses were given 30 min after a high-fat meal.

Results: All 78 participants received at least one GB1211 dose (n = 58) or placebo (n = 20) and completed the study. No safety concerns were identified. Following single and multiple oral doses under fasted conditions, maximum GB1211 plasma concentrations were reached at 1.75-4 h (median) post-dose; mean half-life was 11-16 h. There was a ~ twofold GB1211 accumulation in plasma with multiple dosing, with steady-state reached within 3 days; 30% of the administered dose was excreted in urine as unchanged drug. Absorption in the fed state was delayed by 2 h but systemic exposure was unaffected.

Conclusion: GB1211 was well tolerated, rapidly absorbed, and displayed favorable PK, indicating a potential to treat multiple disease types. These findings support further clinical development of GB1211.

Clinical trial registration: The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT03809052).

Keywords: Clinical pharmacology–drug safety; Drug development–phase 1; Drug development–randomized controlled trial; Pharmacokinetics.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Area Under Curve
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Galectin 3* / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Healthy Volunteers
  • Humans

Substances

  • Galectin 3

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03809052