Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has incurred huge loss to human lives throughout the world. Scientists, researchers, and doctors are trying their best to develop and distribute the COVID-19 vaccine throughout the world at the earliest. In current circumstances, different tracking systems are utilized to control or stop the spread of the virus till the whole population of the world gets vaccinated. To track and trace patients in COVID-19 like pandemics, various tracking systems based on different technologies are discussed and compared in this paper. These technologies include, cellular, cyber, satellite-based radio navigation and low range wireless technologies. The main aim of this paper is to conduct a comprehensive survey that can overview all such tracking systems, which are used in minimizing the spread of COVID-19 like pandemics. This paper also highlights the shortcoming of each tracking systems and suggests new mechanisms to overcome such limitations. In addition, the authors propose some futuristic approaches to track patients in prospective pandemics, based on artificial intelligence and big data analysis. Potential research directions, challenges, and the introduction of next-generation tracking systems for minimizing the spread of prospective pandemics, are also discussed at the end.
Keywords: COVID-19; artificial intelligence; cellular forensics; hidden patterns; pandemic; tracking systems.