The relationship between midlife dyslipidemia and lifetime incidence of dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

Jason Wee; Sara Sukudom; Saiuj Bhat; Matti Marklund; Niridu Jude Peiris; Camilla M Hoyos; Sanjay Patel; Sharon L Naismith; Girish Dwivedi; Ashish Misra

doi:10.1002/dad2.12395

The relationship between midlife dyslipidemia and lifetime incidence of dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

Alzheimers Dement (Amst). 2023 Mar 8;15(1):e12395. doi: 10.1002/dad2.12395. eCollection 2023 Jan-Mar.

Authors

Jason Wee¹, Sara Sukudom^{2

3}, Saiuj Bhat⁴, Matti Marklund^{5

6

7}, Niridu Jude Peiris³, Camilla M Hoyos⁸, Sanjay Patel⁹, Sharon L Naismith¹⁰, Girish Dwivedi², Ashish Misra^{3

9}

Affiliations

¹ Fiona Stanley Hospital South Metropolitan Health Service Perth Western Australia Australia.
² University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia.
³ Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia.
⁴ Royal Perth Hospital Perth Western Australia Australia.
⁵ The George Institute for Global Health University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia.
⁶ Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore Maryland USA.
⁷ Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden.
⁸ Faculty of Science and School of Psychology and Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology Woolcock Institute of Medical Research The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia.
⁹ Heart Research Institute Sydney New South Wales Australia.
¹⁰ Faculty of Science and School of Psychology Charles Perkins Centre University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia.

Abstract

Introduction: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to review the relationship between midlife dyslipidemia and lifetime incident dementia.

Methods: The databases Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane were searched from inception to February 20, 2022. Longitudinal studies examining the relationship between midlife lipid levels on dementia, dementia subtypes, and/or cognitive impairment were pooled using inverse-variance weighted random-effects meta-analysis.

Results: Seventeen studies (1.2 million participants) were included. Midlife hypercholesterolemia was associated with increased incidence of mild cognitive impairment (effect size [ES] = 2.01; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19 to 2.84; I² = 0.0%) and all-cause dementia (ES = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.21; I² = 0.0%). Each 1 mmol/L increase in low-density lipoprotein was associated with an 8% increase (ES = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.14; I² = 0.3%) in incidence of all-cause dementia.

Discussion: Midlife dyslipidemia is associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment in later life.

Keywords: aging; cholesterol; cognitive; cognitive dysfunction; dementia; dyslipidemia; midlife.