The interaction between age and parity on adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes

Jiayang Dai; Ya Shi; Yinshuang Wu; Lu Guo; Dan Lu; Ying Chen; Yuanyuan Wang; Hanpeng Lai; Xiang Kong

doi:10.3389/fmed.2023.1056064

The interaction between age and parity on adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes

Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 Feb 23:10:1056064. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1056064. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Jiayang Dai^{1

2}, Ya Shi^{1

3}, Yinshuang Wu⁴, Lu Guo¹, Dan Lu^{2

5

6}, Ying Chen⁷, Yuanyuan Wang¹, Hanpeng Lai¹, Xiang Kong^{2

5

6}

Affiliations

¹ School of Nursing and School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
² Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
³ School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
⁴ Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
⁵ Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
⁶ Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
⁷ Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.

Abstract

Background: Although age and parity are recognized as associated factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes, there are no studies exploring the interaction between the two during pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the interaction between age and parity on adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study with 15,861 women aged ≥20 years. All women were grouped according to age, parity, and a mix of the two. The data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results: Age, parity, and interaction between the two were related with the risk of gestational hypertension, eclampsia/pre-eclampsia, placenta previa, placental implantation, postpartum hemorrhage, preterm birth, cesarean section, and Apgar score <7 within 5 min of birth. The risk of gestational diabetes mellitus and transfer to the neonatal unit was linked with age and the interaction between age and parity, but the impact of parity was not statistically significant. The risk of anemia, placental abruption, premature rupture of the membrane, oligohydramnios, and macrosomia was only associated with parity; the risk of fetal distress was only associated with age.

Conclusion: The interaction between advanced age and parity might results in more adverse outcomes for both puerpera and infants, necessitating additional prenatal screening and health education throughout pregnancy.

Keywords: advanced maternal age; neonatal outcome; parity; pregnancy outcome; retrospective cohort study.