Association between mean arterial pressure and sublingual microcirculation during major non-cardiac surgery: Post hoc analysis of a prospective cohort

Abstract

Objective: To test the hypothesis that there is an association between mean arterial pressure (MAP) and sublingual perfusion during major surgery, and perhaps an identifiable harm threshold.

Methods: This post hoc analysis of a prospective cohort included patients who had elective major non-cardiac surgery with a duration of ≥2 h under general anesthesia. We assessed sublingual microcirculation every 30 min using SDF+ imaging and determined the De Backer score, Consensus Proportion of Perfused Vessels (Consensus PPV), and the Consensus PPV (small). Our primary outcome was the relationship between MAP and sublingual perfusion which was evaluated with linear mixed effects modeling.

Results: A total of 100 patients were included, with MAP ranging between 65 mmHg and 120 mmHg during anesthesia and surgery. Over a range of intraoperative MAPs between 65 and 120 mmHg, there were no meaningful associations between blood pressure and various measures of sublingual perfusion. There were also no meaningful changes in microcirculatory flow over 4.5 h of surgery.

Conclusions: In patients having elective major non-cardiac surgery with general anesthesia, sublingual microcirculation is well maintained when MAP ranges between 65 and 120 mmHg. It remains possible that sublingual perfusion will be a useful marker of tissue perfusion when MAP is lower than 65 mmHg.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03851965.

Keywords: anesthesia; complications; mean arterial pressure; non-cardiac surgery; sublingual microcirculation.