Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are associated with complex pathogenic factors and are considered a serious complication of diabetes. The potential mechanisms underlying DFUs have been increasingly investigated. Previous studies have focused on the three aspects of diabetic peripheral vascular disease, neuropathy, and wound infections. With advances in technology, researchers have been gradually conducting studies using immune cells, endothelial cells, keratinocytes, and fibroblasts, as they are involved in wound healing. It has been reported that the upregulation or downregulation of molecular signaling pathways is essential for the healing of DFUs. With a recent increase in the awareness of epigenetics, its regulatory role in wound healing has become a much sought-after trend in the treatment of DFUs. This review focuses on four aspects involved in the pathogenesis of DFUs: physiological and pathological mechanisms, cellular mechanisms, molecular signaling pathway mechanisms, and epigenetics. Given the challenge in the treatment of DFUs, we are hopeful that our review will provide new ideas for peers.
糖尿病足溃疡(DFUs)与复杂的病理因素有关，被认为是糖尿病的严重并发症。目前，潜在的DFUs机制已经越来越受到研究关注。以往的研究主要集中在糖尿病周围血管疾病、神经病变和创伤感染三个方面。随着技术的进步，研究人员逐渐开始使用免疫细胞、内皮细胞、角质细胞和成纤维细胞进行研究，因为它们参与了创伤愈合过程。报道称，分子信号通路的上调或下调对DFUs的愈合至关重要。随着对表观遗传学认识的增强，它在创伤愈合中的调控作用成为治疗DFUs的热门趋势。本综述关注DFUs发病机制涉及的四个方面:生理和病理机制、细胞机制、分子信号通路机制和表观遗传学。鉴于DFUs治疗的挑战，我们希望本综述能为同行提供新思路。.
Keywords: diabetic foot ulcer; epigenetics; physiology and pathology; signaling pathway; wound healing; 信号通路; 创面愈合; 生理病理; 糖尿病足溃疡; 表观遗传学.
© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Diabetes published by Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.